Description: Homo sapiens phospholipase C, zeta 1 (PLCZ1), transcript variant 1, mRNA. RefSeq Summary (NM_033123): The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C family. Members in this family, classified into six isotypes that are tissue- and organ-specific, hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate just before the phosphate group to yield diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. This protein localizes to the acrosome in spermatozoa and elicits Ca(2+) oscillations and egg activation during fertilization that leads to early embryonic development. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2012]. Transcript (Including UTRs) Position: hg19 chr12:18,836,110-18,890,993 Size: 54,884 Total Exon Count: 15 Strand: - Coding Region Position: hg19 chr12:18,836,173-18,890,305 Size: 54,133 Coding Exon Count: 14
ID:PLCZ1_HUMAN DESCRIPTION: RecName: Full=1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase zeta-1; EC=3.1.4.11; AltName: Full=Phosphoinositide phospholipase C-zeta-1; AltName: Full=Phospholipase C-zeta-1; Short=PLC-zeta-1; AltName: Full=Testis-development protein NYD-SP27; FUNCTION: The production of the second messenger molecules diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) is mediated by activated phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C enzymes. In vitro, hydrolyzes PtdIns(4,5)P2 in a Ca(2+)- dependent manner. Triggers intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations in oocytes solely during M phase and is involved in inducing oocyte activation and initiating embryonic development up to the blastocyst stage. Is therefore a strong candidate for the egg- activating soluble sperm factor that is transferred from the sperm into the egg cytoplasm following gamete membrane fusion. May exert an inhibitory effect on phospholipase-C-coupled processes that depend on calcium ions and protein kinase C, including CFTR trafficking and function. CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: 1-phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 4,5- bisphosphate + H(2)O = 1D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate + diacylglycerol. COFACTOR: Calcium (By similarity). SUBUNIT: Interacts via its C2 domain with PtdIns(3)P and, to a lesser extent, PtdIns(5)P in vitro (By similarity). SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus (By similarity). Cytoplasm, perinuclear region (By similarity). Note=Exhibits alternative cytoplasmic/nuclear localization during development. Translocates from the pronucleus into cytoplasm upon nuclear envelope breakdown for mitosis and localizes again to the pronucleus at interphase following meiosis and mitosis (By similarity). TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed specifically in testis. Weakly expressed in pancreatic-duct cells. Up-regulated in pancreatic- duct cells from patients with cystic fibrosis. DOMAIN: The EF-hand and C2 domains are essential for triggering Ca(2+) oscillating activity and the regulation of PLCZ1 enzyme activity (By similarity). DOMAIN: The X-Y linker region between PI-PLC X-box and Y-box domains may be a target for proteolysis and may play an important regulatory role during fertilization (By similarity). SIMILARITY: Contains 1 C2 domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 EF-hand domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PI-PLC X-box domain. SIMILARITY: Contains 1 PI-PLC Y-box domain.
The RNAfold program from the Vienna RNA Package is used to perform the secondary structure predictions and folding calculations. The estimated folding energy is in kcal/mol. The more negative the energy, the more secondary structure the RNA is likely to have.
ModBase Predicted Comparative 3D Structure on Q86YW0
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Orthologous Genes in Other Species
Orthologies between human, mouse, and rat are computed by taking the best BLASTP hit, and filtering out non-syntenic hits. For more distant species reciprocal-best BLASTP hits are used. Note that the absence of an ortholog in the table below may reflect incomplete annotations in the other species rather than a true absence of the orthologous gene.
Gene Ontology (GO) Annotations with Structured Vocabulary
Molecular Function: GO:0004435 phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity GO:0004629 phospholipase C activity GO:0004871 signal transducer activity GO:0005509 calcium ion binding GO:0005546 phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding GO:0008081 phosphoric diester hydrolase activity GO:0010314 phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate binding GO:0016787 hydrolase activity GO:0032266 phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate binding
Biological Process: GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process GO:0006816 calcium ion transport GO:0007165 signal transduction GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration GO:0007275 multicellular organism development GO:0007338 single fertilization GO:0007343 egg activation GO:0016042 lipid catabolic process GO:0035556 intracellular signal transduction GO:0043647 inositol phosphate metabolic process GO:0060470 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration involved in egg activation
Protein Q86YW0 (Reactome details) participates in the following event(s):
R-HSA-1855177 PI(4,5)P2 is hydrolysed to I(1,4,5)P3 and DAG by cytosolic PLC[2] at the plasma membrane R-HSA-1855204 Synthesis of IP3 and IP4 in the cytosol R-HSA-1483249 Inositol phosphate metabolism R-HSA-1430728 Metabolism
US Server
Sequence and Links to Tools and Databases 
Common Gene Haplotype Alleles 
